";s:4:"text";s:32384:"2.Compare and contrast Oruka’s ethno-philosophy and sage philosophy 2.1 Ethno-philosophy Ethno-philosophy views that there is a difference between European and African philosophy. Sage Philosophy, Experimental Philosophy, and Worldviews . In history those who were looked at as a sage would be the elders of the community, they just wouldn't be called a sage. Odera Oruka distinguished between two wings of Sage Philosophy: (1) being the folk or popular sagacity, and (2) being the philosophic sagacity. Sage philosophy is the philosophical thought that shows us how much African Not yet a subscriber or member? 6 Another objection is that philosophy must be based on written texts or proceed with written texts, and both sage philosophy and ethnophilosophy fail on this count. Open this document. 9, No. These bodies of belief and knowledge are manifested in the thoughts and actions of people who share a common culture. This view of philosophy attracted a lot of critics to African philosophy. Oruka’s book Sage Philosophy was published first by Brill in 1990 and later in Nairobi in 1991. Also, on this view the only difference between non-African anthropology or ethnology and African philosophy seems to be the nationality of the researcher. AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY IN AND BEYOUND ETHNOPHILOSOPHY Jude I. Onebunne, PhD Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka ... (Cultural Philosophy or Sage Philosophy). The researchers and authors accept the work of Kenyan philosopher, H. Odera Oruka (2002), as the foundation in understanding African philosophy. It is a philosophy without philosophers. 274-281. A video essay importance of physical self essay differences between living in the city and country essay. 1. When asked what he thought of his own(Luo) community’s idea of communalism, Paul Mbuya Akoko responded asfollows: Another sage, Okemba Simiyu Chaungo from the Bukusu community,responded to the question, “What is truth?” as follows: And in response to an Interlocutor, who asks “Why would people telllies?”, he responded: From these examples some of the distinguishing characteristics of SagePhilos… course of this conversation, I will highlight the similarities and differences between my approach and Mangena’s approach to ethno-philosophy. Oruka clearly operates from a specific view of the nature of ... condemnation of ethnophilosophy as quasi-philosophy. A breakdown of the major schools of thought in the debate on African philosophy. Sage Philosophy: Indigenous Thinkers and the Modern Debate on African Philosophy. A Short History of African Philosophy (Second Edition). Their studies differ from ethnophilosophy insofar as individual informants are named and quoted at length, and differences in views between informants are noted. There he registered for a BSc programme in the Faculty of Mathematics–Natural Science and studied Meteorology, Geography, and Geodesy.He later added Philosophy to his studies because of his interest in the subject. 2) The ethnorelativist denies comparability. Ethnophilosophy, African Ethnophilosophy refers to bodies of belief and knowledge that have philosophical relevance and which can be redescribed in terms drawn from academic philosophy, but which have not been consciously formulated as philosophy by philosophers. These It is a philosophy without philosophers. The term Africana philosophy covers the philosophy made by African descendants, including African Americans. Also, on this view the only difference between non-African anthropology or ethnology and African philosophy seems to be the nationality of the researcher. Also, on this view the only difference between non-African Anthropology or Ethnology and African Philosophy seems to be the nationality of the researcher. Ethnophilosophy's most immediate African antecedents include Leopold Senghor's philosophy of négritude and the writings of the Belgian missionary to the Congo (later Zaire), Placide Tempels. The difference between civilized and savage is that civilized is having a highly developed society or culture while savage is an uncivilized or feral human, a barbarian or inferior, not cultivated society. Sage Philosophy: Criteria That Distinguish It from Ethnophilosophy and Make It a Unique Approach within African Philosophy << Previous Article >> Next Article. PHI 9185 Schedule (ethnophilosophy and sage philosophy) READING AND LECTURE SCHEDULE (Subject to Change) Day. Much of modern African philosophy has been concerned with defining the ethnophilosophical parameters of African philosophy and identifying what differentiates it from other philosophical traditions. 2007. The same conceptual scheme that locates Af rican philosophy as a collective enterprise located in a subject lacking the ca pacity for critical self reflection also eliminates the productive tension between African philosophy. Sage philosophy has acquired a lot of criticism. Much of modern African philosophy has been concerned with defining the ethnophilosophical parameters of African philosophy and identifying what differentiates it from other philosophical traditions. Pp. Th. Compare and contrast oruka's ethnophilosophy and sage philosophy essay. Sep 11. (First published in 1978), 1981; Ed. Critics argue further that the problem with both ethnophilosophy and philosophical sagacity is that there is surely an important distinction between philosophy and the history of ideas. Odera Oruka distinguished between two wings of Sage Philosophy: (1) folk or popular sagacity and (2) philosophic sagacity. In non-literate African societies it is almost impossible to maintain faithfully and over time attributions of origin of ideas, including philosophical ideas. Henry Odera Oruka’s new method for exploring philosophy in Africa, based on interviews with wise individuals. [1] An example of ethnophilosophy is African philosophy. ), African Philosophy and the Hermeneutics of Culture: Essays in Honour of Theophilus Okere.Distributed in North America by Transaction Publishers. Far from suggest- ing ethnophilosophy as a model for the philosophy of the future, I intend to rethink certain themes of ethnophilosophy and contrast them with disciplines such as "com- parative philosophy" and pragmatism. I will sketch an approach that I believe to be appropriate for the development of philosophy in times of globalization. Material. One of the implicit assumptions of ethnophilosophy is that a specific culture can have a philosophy that is not applicable Odera Oruka identified four trends or approaches in this … Although African philosophers may be found in the various academic fields of philosophy, such as metaphysics, epistemology, moral philosophy, and political philosophy, much of the modern African philosophy has … African philosophers may be found in the various academic fields of philosophy, such as metaphysics, epistemology, moral philosophy, and political philosophy… The Sage Philosophy project of the late Henry Odera Orukadirectly , which addresses the objections raised against "ethnophilosophy", will be a transition to the study of the thought of prominent contemporary African philosophers, such as Kwasi Wiredu, Valentin-Yves Mudimbe, Paulin J. Hountondji, and Kwame Anthony Appiah. The problem with both ethnophilosophy and philosophical sagacity is that there is surely an important distinction between philosophy … The speaker is … Ethnophilosophy examines the systems of thought of existing and precolonial African communities in order to determine what can be the ideal forms of A sage (Ancient Greek: σοφός, sophos), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained wisdom.The term has also been used interchangeably with a 'good person' (Ancient Greek: ἀγαθός, agathos), and a 'virtuous person' (Ancient Greek: σπουδαῖος, spoudaios).Among the earliest accounts of the sage begin with Empedocles' Sphairos. Their studies differ from ethnophilosophy insofar as individual informants are named and quoted at length, and differences in views between informants are noted. Presbey, Gail. Sage Philosophy: Criteria that Distinguish it from Ethnophilosophy and Make It a Unique Approach within African Philosophy. These are: ethnophilosophy, professional philosophy, philosophic sagacity, nationalist- ideological philosophy, hermeneutic philosophy and literary or artistic philosophy. This work identifies six approaches in the debate on African philosophy. In Philosophy in the Present Situation of Africa, edited by Alwin Diemer. Posted on 31 March 2019. 978 0 253 22123 0 (hb). Presbey, Gail. African philosophy is the philosophical discourse produced in Africa or by indigenous Africans. In Plato's Symposium Socrates says the difference between a sage and a philosopher (Ancient Greek: φιλόσοφος, meaning lover of wisdom) was that the sage has what the philosopher seeks.While analyzing the concept of love, Socrates concludes love is that which lacks the object it seeks. philosophers". Sage philosophy cannot also be discounted. Sage Philosophy and Critical Thinking: Creatively Coping with Negative Emotions Gail Presbey Gail M. Presbey is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at University of Detroit Mercy. He argues that other philosophical traditions. For Odera Oruka, Philosophic Sagacity lies between ethnophilosophy and professional philosophy and is simply a starting point in determining the nature of African Philosophy. Kibujjo Kalumba, “Sage Philosophy: Its Methodology, Results, Significance, and Future,” in A Companion to African Philosophy, pp. A sage (Ancient Greek: σοφός, sophos), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained the wisdom which a philosopher seeks. $19.95. The implicit concept is that a specific culture can have a philosophy that is not applicable and accessible to all peoples and cultures in the world; however, this concept is disputed by traditional philosophers. Philosophia Africana 10 (2), August: 127–160. Presbey, Sage Philosophy: Criteria That Distinguish It from Ethnophilosophy 129 are used interchangeably and no distinctions are drawn. They think that ethnophilosophers “can However, the work limits itself to the first three approaches due to methodological reasons. Source for information on African Philosophy: Encyclopedia of Philosophy dictionary. Sage Philosophy: Criteria that Distinguish it from Ethnophilosophy and Make It a Unique Approach within African Philosophy. The individual is meaningless by himself and makes sense only as part of the totality. Reading from Textbook. b.) “African Sage Philosophy” is the name now commonly given to the body of thought produced by persons considered wise in African communities, and more specifically refers to those who seek a rational foundation for ideas and concepts used to describe and view the world by Definition. The She is a former Fulbright Senior Scholar at University of Nairobi (1998-2000). radical differences. Odera Oruka distinguished between two wings of Sage Philosophy: (1) being the folk or popular sagacity, and (2) being the philosophic sagacity. A sage (Ancient Greek: σοφός, sophos), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained wisdom.The term has also been used interchangeably with a 'good person' (Ancient Greek: ἀγαθός, agathos), and a 'virtuous person' (Ancient Greek: σπουδαῖος, spoudaios).Among the earliest accounts of the sage begin with Empedocles' Sphairos. The following two examples from this text illustrate the method andpurpose of Oruka’s questioning. What comparative philosophy--like the increasingly influential "inter- cultural philosophy"g9-has in common with ethnophilosophy is that it takes the "ethno-" part of any philosophy seriously and is even ready to establish it as a start- ing point for fruitful comparisons. African philosophy is the philosophical discourse produced by indigenous Africans and their descendants, including African/Americans. African philosophers are found in the various academic fields of present philosophy, such as metaphysics, epistemology, moral philosophy, and political philosophy. Personal essay on dream job essay on concept of social justice essay about self respect. Philosophy’, attempts classifying philosophers into two camps, namely, the Universalists and the Particularists. Start studying African Philosophy Final. It then suggest that ethnophilosophy and sage philosophy are not part of the philosophy because what they represent is not in text. Ethnophilosophy is the study of indigenous philosophical systems. Ethnophilosophy 1. recapitulate the arguments made against ethnophilosophy by Mrican philoso phers (Karp and Masolo) 1998). Sage (philosophy) — From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Nationalist–ideological philosophy can be referred to as a philosophy of transition, “a voice crying in the wilderness,” calling all Africans to consciousness of their own identity and personality (Makumba, 2007, p. 150). The philosopher and the sage . I will make a case for the continuing relevance of ethno-philosophy, both as communal worldviews of African societies and as an academic enterprise, by pointing out how the Introduction to Ethnophilosophy. The term has also been used interchangeably with a 'good person' (Ancient Greek: ἀγαθός , agathos), and a 'virtuous person' (Ancient Greek: σπουδαῖος , … ISBN. This view of philosophy attracted a lot of critics to African philosophy. While ethno-philosophy emphasized too much on the Africanness of African philosophy at the Also, on this view the only difference between non-African anthropology or ethnology and African philosophy seems to be the nationality of the researcher. His main target has been the ethnophilosophy of writers such as Placide Tempels and Alexis Kagame. Weisbaden, Germany: Franz Steiner Erlagh. Philosophia Africana 10 … Ethnophilosophy refers to bodies of belief and knowledge that have philosophical relevance and which can be redescribed in terms drawn from academic philosophy, but which have not been consciously formulated as philosophy by philosophers. In Plato's Symposium Socrates says the difference between a sage and a philosopher (Ancient Greek: φιλόσοφος, meaning lover of wisdom) was that the The main difference between the two schools can also be interpreted in a slightly different way. A sage (Ancient Greek: σοφός , sophos), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained wisdom. Indiana University Press, Bloomington & Indianapolis, 2009. The same conceptual scheme that locates Af rican philosophy as a collective enterprise located in a subject lacking the ca pacity for critical self reflection also eliminates the productive tension between This paper also elucidates the connection between ethnophilosophy in African philosophy and similar developments in African-American and feminist philosophy. There are a few differences between the two publications, but most changes are minor editorial ones, with the major exception that chapter one of the Brill edition has an extra twelve pages telling the background of the study. They insist on a sharp differentiation between African and European thought and go sometimes as far as to reformulate the concept of philosophy as such. Henry Odera Oruka was born on 1 June 1944 in Nyanza Province of Kenya.After his advanced level studies in Kenya, he went to Uppsala University in Sweden. Google Scholar Nonetheless, Sage philosophy is a documented proof against the Eurocentric belief that African ideology is rooted on mythical premise and is incapable of rendering critical thinking. 2007. 194. The book has three parts. Consequently, they are not able to … This trend emerged as an attempt to challenge the claim that African philosophy is a myth because the individual thinkers that generate philosophical issues are absent in traditional Africa. 5 H. Odera Oruka, 1991. Wise Guys: Sage Philosophy. Additionally, in its most common form, ethnophilosophy has been viewed by critics as an uncritical glorification of traditional and non-European aspects of African culture. J. Obi Oguejiofor - 2005 - In Theophilus Okere, J. Obi Oguejiofor & Godfrey Igwebuike Onah (eds. Unlike ethnophilosophy, which emphasises communal thinking, Philosophic Sagacity searches for individual thinkers in the traditional community. These "sages" express and defend their philosophical thoughts and opinions on various issues of nature and human life. Sage philosophy: Philosophic sagacity is a version of ethnophilosophy where the focus is more on individuals, in which one records the beliefs of certain special members of the community. ... and—in contrast to ethnophilosophy —takes differences, historical developments, and social contexts seriously. b.) The Concept of Africana Philosophy. Placid Temples Bantu Philosophy. A Note on The Above The problem with both ethnophilosophy and philosophical sagacity is that there is surely an important distinction between philosophy and the history of ideas. Already a subscriber or member? In that respect also H. Odera Oruka makes a difference between "Sage philosophy", which he has put on the agenda of the debate on African philosophy (see chapter 4), and ethnophilosophy. But during this third stage of Odera Oruka’s works (1984–1995), he used the term “philosophic sagacity” less and less, while he used “sage philosophy” more and more.7 There was very little difference between Western and Asian philosophies until the strongly theistic and idealist schools came to dominate both. The term "African philosophy " is controversial and is also well used by different philosophers in different ways. The implicit concept is that a specific culture can have a philosophy that is not applicable and accessible to all peoples and cultures in the world; however, this concept is disputed by traditional philosophers. Persons and Identity But above all, sage philosophy addresses the crucial question of who produces knowledge in the modern hierarchized social formations. Ethnophilosophy is centered around communal thinking while sage philosophy is centered around individual thinking. It is a social synthesis of contemporary … There are significant challenges to the viability of the concept Africana philosophy as well as to an effort to map out an encyclopedic overview of the extended and still expanding range of endeavors covered by the term. African proverbs, by design it seems, are notorious for this sort of fluidity in exchange and ambiguity of attributions of authorship. Sage philosophy: Philosophic sagacity is a version of ethnophilosophy where the focus is more on individuals, in which one records the beliefs of certain special members of the community. He formulated the four trends of African philosophy – ethno-philosophy, philosophic sagacity or sage philosophy, nationalist-ideological philosophy and critical or professional philosophy. Hence, whereas ethno-philosophy denied philosophy to Africa in toto , the professional school only did so with regard to traditional Africa. Barry Hallen. 2 _____ African Philosophy as Ethnophilosophy _____ African philosophy centres around man in his social context. Another topic of the critique is that ethnophilosophy is not thought out by individual thinkers, but by a whole people or other collective groups. To me it seems that both are used in every community. According to Oruka, African philosophy is characterized as thinkers who all have the same communal thought based on emotions and intuition (Oruka, 2002, p.3). 3) That ethnrorelativists deny the possibility of inter-communal communication but they criticse this community, which requires and presupposes that they can understand this even though they are supposed to be so-called outsiders for whom the community in question is … “On Philosophic Sagacity”, in Philosophia Africana, Vol. concerning the nature of African philosophy. A sage (Ancient Greek: σοφός, sophos), in classical philosophy, is someone who has attained wisdom.The term has also been used interchangeably with a 'good person' (Ancient Greek: ἀγαθός, agathos), and a 'virtuous person' (Ancient Greek: σπουδαῖος, spoudaios).Among the earliest accounts of the sage begin with Empedocles' Sphairos. Also, on this view the only difference between non-African anthropology or ethnology and African philosophy seems to be the nationality of the researcher. Stephanie Wykstra, “Out of the Armchair” 2/14. Definition []. 1) If everything is relative, then they are relative too. Subscribe or join here. By Eextending Oruka’s comparisons between myth and philosophy in one of our sessions, we made useful comparisons between the platonic philosophic tradition and sage philosophy. According to her, philosophy is a critical enterprise. 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